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Objective:To systematically evaluate the intervention effect of exposure and response prevention (ERP) on obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD).Methods:PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, EBSCO, Cochrane Library, Embase, Science Direct, Wanfang Data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and VIP-CSTJ were used to collect randomized controlled studies related to ERP for OCD.Randomized controlled studies that met the criteria were included, with the score of Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale as the primary outcome indicator and the scores of anxiety and depression scale as secondary outcome indicators, while the included literatures were evaluated for literature quality and data extraction.Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 16.0 softwares were used to conduct Meta-analysis on the extracted data.Results:Twenty-seven studies with a total of 1 239 patients were included, and 599 cases in the ERP group and 640 cases in the control group.Meta-analysis results showed that the efficacy of ERP group was significantly better than that of blank control group(MD=-6.55, 95% CI: -8.75--4.35, P<0.001) and significantly better than chlorpromazine control group treatment (MD=-5.88, 95% CI: -8.20--3.56, P<0.001) for improving patients' obsessive-compulsive symptoms, but not significantly different from CBT intervention (MD=0.21, 95% CI: -1.62-2.04, P=0.82), and the efficacy of ERP and CBT had no significant during the post-intervention follow-up period (MD=0.41, 95% CI: -2.45-3.27, P=0.78). For improving patients' depressed mood, ERP was effective in improving patients' depressed mood (SMD=-0.45, 95% CI: -0.74--0.17, P=0.002), but not significantly different from CBT (SMD=-0.05, 95% CI: -0.27-0.16, P=0.62). For improving anxiety, the efficacy of ERP group was not different from that of control group (SMD=-0.17, 95% CI: -0.56-0.23, P=0.41). Conclusion:ERP has good feasibility in improving obsessive-compulsive symptoms and depression in patients with OCD.However, long-term efficacy was not verified for improving anxiety and maintaining long-term efficacy during the follow-up period.
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ObjectiveTo understand the current status and development of research on the subject of domestic violence， and to grasp the main research hotspots in the field. MethodsThe literature in the core database of Web of Science were retrieved， and 20 417 literature related to domestic violence from January 1966 to September 2021 were sorted by using the CiteSpace software， and the number of literature， authors， research institutions and keywords were analyzed. Results①The volume of literature on domestic violence grown rapidly since 2015. ②Among the authors， Kelsey Hegarty， Gene Feder and others had large number of publications on domestic violence， moreover， the authors' cooperation formed some small collaborative groups and research groups of a certain scale. ③The research institutions were closely collaborating， among which University of North Carolina was the institution of highest number of publications， and Boston University was the institution with the strongest research centrality. ④Hot keywords kept developing and changing， and the current hot keywords were mainly dating violence， sexual violence and the perception and perpetration of domestic violence. ConclusionThe field of domestic violence has been studied by a large number of researchers and has given rise to many research hotspots.
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Objective:To systematically evaluate the intervention effect of acceptance commitment therapy on anxiety disorder.Methods:The full-text databases of Web of Science Core Collection, MEDLINE, KCI-Korean Journal Database, SciELO Citation Index, SpringerLink, Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI Wanfang and Weipu were searched and randomized controlled studies related to acceptance commitment therapy for patients with anxiety disorder were collected.All randomized controlled studies met the criterion were included.Meanwhile, the literature quality of the included literatures was evaluated.The outcome indicators such as anxiety index, psychological flexibility and quality of life index were selected, and RevMan 5.3 software was used to analyze the literature data that met the inclusion criteria.Results:A total of 12 studies with 1 062 patients were included, including 513 cases in ACT group and 549 cases in control group.Meta analysis showed that ACT can effectively reduce anxiety level of patients with anxiety disorder (MD=-0.58, 95% CI: -0.85- -0.32, P<0.001), anxiety level in follow-up period (MD=-0.42, 95% CI: -0.75- -0.08, P=0.01), improving psychological flexibility (MD=0.46, 95% CI: 0.24~0.68, P<0.001); In the study of CBT(cognitive behavioral therapy) as the control group, there was no significant difference between ACT group and control group, among which after intervention (MD =-0.06, 95% CI: -0.47- 0.36, P=0.79), follow-up period (MD = 0.17, 95% CI: -0.07-0.41, P=0.16) .In the study with the control group as the blank control, ACT can reduce the anxiety level of patients with anxiety disorder (MD =-0.76, 95% CI: -0.97- -0.56, P<0.001), and the difference is statistically significant.Excluding the non-blank control study, ACT can reduce the anxiety level of patients with anxiety disorder (MD =-0.82, 95% CI: -1.09--0.55, P<0.001) in the studies where the proportion of women is greater than or equal to 70%.In the study of 50%-70% females, ACT can reduce the anxiety level of patients with anxiety disorder (MD =-0.68, 95% CI: -1.09 --0.28, P=0.01). All the differences were statistically significant.There was no significant difference between ACT and the control group for quality of life(MD=0.24, 95% CI: -0.01-0.49, P=0.06). Conclusion:ACT has a certain effect on patients with anxiety disorder, which not only improves the anxiety level of patients, but also keeps the effect of anxiety improvement during the follow-up period, and the improvement of psychological flexibility has also been verified.The immediate and long-term efficacy of ACT is similar to that of CBT, which further improve the reliability of ACT curative effect.Gender difference has not been confirmed for the therapeutic effect.ACT has no obvious improvement on the quality of life, and the conclusion of this study needs more randomized controlled studies with large samples and high quality to verify it.
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Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by emotional regulation, interpersonal relationship, self-image and impulse control instability. It is a mental disorder with high morbidity, high mortality and difficult treatment. Psychotherapy is the main treatment for this disease. However, current mainstream psychotherapy, such as dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), has certain limitations, so it is necessary to find a more convenient and effective treatment method. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), as the representative therapy of the third generation of cognitive therapy, aims to make individuals accept inevitable pain, find their own value and commit to action, and finally improve their psychological flexibility to live a meaningful life. ACT has been used in the treatment of a variety of mental disorders, and the effect is significant. By expounding the pathogenesis of BPD and the theoretical model of ACT, this paper analyzed the rationality and feasibility of ACT intervention in BPD from the pathological model and treatment model of ACT. Finally, the research results of ACT treating BPD in recent years were summarized. The results show that ACT provides a promising method for the treatment of BPD patients, however, more studies are needed to prove its use in this group and its specific mechanism.
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Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) etiology has always been concerned. Some studies have found that biological and social psychological factors will affect the formation and development of OCD, and the cognitive and metacognitive model of OCD suggest that rumination may be a cognitive risk factor for OCD. Thus, clarifying the relationship between rumination and OCD will play an important role in exploring the etiology and treatment of OCD. Many literatures showed that there was a significant correlation between rumination and OCD, rumination could predict and maintain obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and OCD patients tended to use rumination strategies to reduce pain. In addition, there are common risk factors such as perfectionism and childhood trauma between rumination and OCD, and intervention training for rumination has also shown feasibility in the treatment of OCD. These findings suggest the possibility that rumination may influence OCD, but the causal relationship between the two needs to be further established. In the future, longitudinal studies on the relationship between rumination and OCD can be carried out in a larger sample to enrich and complement the etiology of OCD.
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Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) aims at correctly recognizing the different sides of life, accepting its inevitable pain, defining its true value and committing to action.Its ultimately aim is to improve psychological flexibility and lead a more fulfilling and meaningful life.Patients with Eating Disorders (ED) often have personality characteristics such as experiential avoidance, rigid behavior, and lack of motivation.Therefore, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy is particularly suitable for patients with Eating Disorders.This article make a brief overview of the ACT firstly, then introduces the definition, epidemiology and etiology of ED.By reviewing the relevant literatures on the use of ACT in the treatment of ED in recent years, we point out the advantages of using ACT and the possible mechanism of ACT in the treatment of ED, the future research directions and issues needing attention.
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Objective To explore the current situation of family adaptability and cohesion of pa-tients with schizophrenia in China. Methods China National Knowledge Infrastructure ( CNKI),WanFang Database,VIP Database,CBM,PubMed and Cochrane library were searched from database established to Au-gust 15,2018. Case-control studies on family function in patients with schizophrenia were included and the published literatures were manually searched. Two researchers independently screened and extracted the in-cluded literatures and analyzed their family adaptability and cohesion using Review manager 5. 3 software. Results A total of 8 articles were included,including 678 in the study group and 780 in the control group. Meta-analysis results showed that the actual intimacy,actual adaptability and ideal adaptability of the study group were lower than the actual intimacy of the control group(WMD=-5. 13,95%CI(-7. 64--2. 62),P<0. 001),actual adaptability ( WMD=-4. 08,95% CI (-5. 63--2. 52), P<0. 001) and ideal adaptability ( WMD=-3. 50,95%CI(-6. 43--0. 57),P=0. 02),but there was no significant difference in the ideal inti-macy(WMD=-1. 10,95%CI(-4. 46-2. 25),P=0. 52);the unsatisfactory intimacy of the study group was higher than the control group(WMD=3. 07,95%CI (1. 78-4. 36),P<0. 001),but there was no significant difference in unsatisfactory adaptability(WMD=1. 51,95%CI(-0. 23-3. 24),P=0. 09). Conclusion The family intimacy and adaptability of patients with schizophrenia are at a low level,and social and family need to strengthen the attention of patients' family function.
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Objective To investigate the cognitive functions in first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia by meta-analysis. Methods Collect case-control studies of cognitive function in first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia,then extract data and assess the risk of bias of included studies,and use RevMan 5.3 to perform meta-analysis. Results A total of 27 studies involving 1708 people were includ-ed. Trail Marking A test(MD=3.59,P<0.01) and B test (MD=12.71,P=0.02),Stroop Color test((MD=-7.22,P<0.01),Stroop Color-Word test(MD=-7.25,P<0.01),Digit Symbol Coding test(MD=-7.29,P<0.01),Digit Span test(MD=-1.17,P<0.01),Hopkins Verbal Leaning test-Revised(MD=-4.58,P<0.01), Verbal Fluency test(MD=-2.92,P<0.01),Hanoi Tower(MD=-5.38,P<0.01),the number of corrected of WCST(MD=-3.10,P<0.01),number of completed categories of WCST (MD=-0.74,P<0.01),Persevera-tive Errors of WCST (MD=4.82,P<0.01) and Nonperseverative Errors of WCST (MD=8.00,P<0.01) scores between the first-degree relatives groups(FDR)and health control groups (HC)showed significant differences. Conclusion Cognitive impairment appears in the first-degree relatives populations of patients with schizophrenia,including the attention,verbal learning,working memory,and executive function.
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Objective To explore the change of serum insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) and its relationship with clinical characteristics in patients with schizophrenia. Methods Fifty-one schizophrenic patients were recruited in the present study and 50 healthy volunteers served as controls. The serum IGF-2 level was measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to evaluate the psychotic symp?toms of patients. Trail Making Test-A (TMTA), Digit-Symbol Coding Test (DSCT), Continuous Performance Test (CPT) and Stroop Color-Word Test (SCWT) were used to evaluate the cognitive function of both groups. Results There were sig?nificant differences in the results of TMTA, DSCT, CPT and SCWT between patient and control groups. The serum levels of IGF-2 were significantly lower in patients than that in controls [(202.7±40.7) ng/mL vs. (365.9±65.5) ng/mL, P0.05). Furthermore, significant correlations were found between the serum IGF-2 level and the negative symptom sub?scale of PANSS (r=-0.397, P=0.004), CPT score (r=0.378, P=0.006), SCWT-word number (r=0.289, P=0.040), SC? WT-color number (r=0.327, P=0.019) and SCWT-word/color number (r=0.386, P=0.005) in schizophrenic patients. Con?clusion The serum IGF-2 levels of patients with schizophrenia are significantly lower than that of healthy controls, and the IGF-2 level is associated with the severity of negative symptoms and cognitive impairments in patients, indicating that serum IGF-2 might be an indicator of the severity of schizophrenia.